Friday, December 5, 2008

GRE vocabulary help - vocab building - thesaurus style

If you ask a sophisticated passer-by how to improve your vocabulary, you might get different answers; some of them being

1> ‘Read “The HINDU” newspaper everyday (you get this a lot in India)’

2> Refer to a dictionary every time you come across a new word

The former might seem as a good idea. However, I feel the latter does not help much, especially if you are planning to appear for tests like GRE, CAT etc.

I have given the GRE general test. I have scored well too (I will not divulge my score simply because I don’t want to be the creator of another ”Ishaan Awasthi” of “Taare Zameen Par” fame). I had 6 months of time to prepare for this exam. It was during this period that I began to appreciate a book called “THESAURUS”.

The main advantage of using a Thesaurus over Dictionary for GRE preparation is that you will get a list of all the inter-related words at one place. By remembering a single word (I would refer to this word as the “SEED WORD”), you can recall any of its synonyms.

Given below is a demonstration of the power of Thesaurus.

Consider the SEED WORD abuse”.

If you look up a thesaurus, you will get at least 28 difficult (GRE level of difficulty) words.

Abuse --- imprecate ---denigrate --- execrate --- libel--- castigate --- vituperate ---tirade--- decry--- censure ---reprehend --- upbraid ---revile ---rail---rebuke ---objurgate ---fulminate ---excoriate ---lambaste ---berate---pan --- invective(noun: abusive language) ---scurrilous(adj) ---Belittle --- disparage --- abash --- defame --- calumniate --- obloquy (noun).

All in all, 29 difficult words at one place. So, go and buy a thesaurus right away. Or even better, just type in the SEED WORD in any of the online Thesaurus’.

I have collected a few of such word chains (that’s what I call them).

They can be viewed right at the end of this document.

Finally, I would like to conclude that there are many different ways of building vocabulary. The best way is to read a lot. This requires a lot of time.

If you want to improve your vocabulary quickly, you got to have different sources of new words. For example, a combination of GRE vocabulary training materials ( like the “Barron’s” or “Kaplan”), websites offering GRE trial preparation and books , be it fiction or otherwise. This way, it becomes easy for your brain to remember and recall words originating from different sources.

When it comes to books, I would like to recommend “Harry Potter series”. Believe it or not, I have documented close to 400 difficult words (with context and example sentence usage) in these 7 books. Of course, like any other Harry Potter fan, I have read each of the 7 books more than 7 times. One advantage of this book series is that you can recall words in the context of the story. That way you can remember the words and their meanings throughout your life.

But if you belong to the “Say No To Harry Potter” clan, you will have to make do with other books.

For more word chains, scroll down :

Seed word

Synonyms

Imprecate

Abuse ---denigrate --- execrate --- libel--- castigate --- vituperate ---tirade--- decry---

censure ---reprehend --- upbraid ---revile --- rail---rebuke ---objurgate ---fulminate

---excoriate ---lambaste --- berate---pan --- invective(noun: abusive language)

---scurrilous(adj) --- Belittle --- disparage --- abash --- defame --- calumniate ---

obloquy (noun)

Cliché

Trite ---hackneyed ---banal ---platitude ---quotidian --- prosaic (prose- like i.e. dull)

Nimble

Active ---sprightly ---lissome ---lithe --- supple ---limber --- sentient---ebullient

---sedulous ---diligent ---painstaking ---vivacious --- jaunty---compliant ---pliant

Visage

Appearance --- countenance ---mien --- bearing ---carriage ---stance ---

pertinence---brook

Noxious

Detrimental ---pernicious ---deleterious ---damaging

Bilious

Bad-tempered--- dyspeptic --- apoplectic ---morose ---irascible ---crabby ---petulant

--- peevish --- gruff --- cantankerous --- shrewish ---sullen --- truculent ---splenetic

---choleric ---snappy ---acerbic ---pugnacious --- contumacious

Reticent

Shy --- demure --- diffident --- modest --- coy --- abashed --- meek---self-effacing ---

mortified

Surmise

Guess ---conjecture ---premise ---assumption

Brazen

Arrogant --- Brash ---bumptious --- haughty ---bravado ---cavalier ---

supercilious--- swagger --- brassy ---bluster --- peremptory

Seed word

Synonyms

Temerity

Audacity ---cheek --- presumptuousness ---intrepid ( since trepidation =fear)

--- Fool-hardiness--- impertinence --- brazen --- effrontery --- arrant ---

Impudence --- overbearing --- overweening

Ostracize

Ban --- embargo --- moratorium --- evict ---expatriate --- relegate ---Interdict

Callous

Barbarian --- vandal --- savage --- philistine --- lout --- oaf --- bestial ---heathen

Prurient

Erotic --- lewd --- lascivious --- bawdy --- earthy --- titillating ---Ribald --- Rude ---

scurrilous --- risqué --- licentious

Vagrant

Beggar --- mendicant --- suppliant --- supplicant --- beseech (verb) ---

Importune(verb) --- indigent --- tramp --- scrounger --- craven --- solicitor

--- Penury (noun: penniless situation) --- cadger --- impecunious --- entreat

Belligerent

Quarrelsome --- jingoistic --- bellicose ---hawkish --- contentious ---Pugnacious ---

warring

Frenetic

Crazy --- zany --- frantic --- frenzied --- rampage --- agitated

Proclivity

Bias --- propensity --- penchant --- predilection --- bigotry --- partiality

--- Non-objective --- jaundice --- nepotism --- partisan ( a biased person) ---

Predisposition

Flout

Disregard --- defy --- transgress ---infringe

Seed word

Synonyms

Impromptu

Improvised --- AD LIB --- extemporaneous --- without any prior preparation

Succor

Soothing agent--- demulcent--- anodyne --- emollient --- balm --- placebo

Embellish

Adorn --- bedizen --- festoon --- caparison

Ignominious

Shameful --- ignoble --- sordid

Panacea

Cure-all --- placebo --- nostrum --- palliative

Lethargy

Laziness ---smugness --- lassitude --- languor --- sloth

Deceive

Bilk --- gull ( as in gullible) --- cozen

Finagle

Escape using wit --- chicanery --- subterfuge --- clever trick

Juvenile

Immature --- puerile --- jejune --- vapid (means dull) --- uninteresting

Seed word

Synonyms

Succinct

Concise --- pithiness (noun) --- brevity (noun) ---curtness (noun) ---

terseness

Caricature

Spoof --- parody --- travesty --- satire --- derision --- burlesque

Morose

Gloomy --- sullen --- dour --- stygian --- saturnine --- doleful --- cheerless --- somber

--- disconsolate

Profane

Blasphemous --- sacrilegious--- wanton --- ribald --- agnostic --- apostate

Recalcitrant

Ungovernable --- unruly --- willful --- intractable --- headstrong --- Boorish --- rude –

-churlish --- outlandish --- surly --- unseemly --- obstreperous--- perverse ---

untoward --- refractory --- disobedient

Egregious

notorious--- opprobrious

Gaudy

Showoff --- ostentatious --- boastful --- meretricious --- éclat --- braggart

--- vaunt ---garish --- tawdry --- raffish --- dissemble ( means pretense )

Superfluous

Extravagant --- profligate --- exorbitant --- wastrel --- profuse

Emancipate

Pardon --- exonerate --- absolve--- exculpate --- expiate

Caprice

Whim --- fancy --- vagary --- quixotic --- conceit